Movie Crash Analysis free essay sample

Choose three characters from the movie crash and compare their relationship elements based on social status, gender dynamics, age, race and tolerance of uncertainty. The opposing characters within the movie â€Å"Crash† depict contrasting lifestyles, attitudes and behaviours. The elements of social status and gender dynamics determine the characters’ tolerance for uncertainty as well as the ways in which they react to societal situations. A situation which may be quite dramatic and life changing for one person might be minimal for another.The following characters including: Jean Cabot played by Sandra Bullock, Daniel played by Michael Dena, and Officer Ryan played by Matt Dillon will be explored throughout this paper. Sandra Bullock’s character â€Å"Jean Cabot† illustrates an unforgettable amount of fear, stress, anxiety and turmoil within the film. For Jean, an upper class, affluent, Caucasian female, it is difficult for her to accept the fact that she has been a victim of a reckless crime as she and her husband were demanded to leave their vehicle while two black males with guns, drove off leaving them terrified and without their car. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Crash Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jean makes it clear that the incident was in fact her fault because she knew it was going to happen. She makes it clear that she feared the two men based on their skin colour and that she initially did not say anything to her husband because she didn’t want to be implied as racist. Jean’s character shows an immense amount of anger but also a prominent stereo-typical attitude. Based on one experience Jean has had she then proceeds to discriminate against Daniel, a Mexican male who comes to her house to change her door locks.Daniel played by Michael Pena is a working class male in his early 30’s. He has a home and a family and is unfortunately discriminated against time and time again within the film. He is depicted within the film as having a happy life and a caring nature however, he lives in a lower-class neighborhood and can’t help many of his life circumstances. Rather than Jean being the victim it could be made quite obvious that Daniel is in fact the one who is now being placed in a target position. While both Jean and Daniel are victims in their own way, their reactions are immensely diverse.Daniel is a lot more calm and collected. Although his anger shows on his face, he has strong control over his emotions. Rather than speaking up in an angry tone after Jean directs biased comments against him, he still leaves her house with poise. Officer Ryan played by Matt Dillon has a fascinating role within this film. He is a police officer who has been part of the force for quite some time. It is apparent that he has had many incidences where it could be seen as understandable for him to have certain views of individuals based on social class, colour and background.His experiences in the force have allowed him to be present in a variety of situations that have shaped the way he sees individuals. At the beginning of the film, we are made to believe that Ryan is a racist, discriminatory, arrogant cop. Although we learn throughout the movie that some of his experiences do base his strong view points on truth. This is no excuse for him however to inappropriately touch a female car passenger when questioning her and her husband for a minimal accusation. All three of these characters can be compared and contrasted based on their diverse up-bringing and life experiences.For Daniel it is apparent that he has been challenged and turned against throughout his life. However, he has learned to cope and exudes poise and compassion for others. In contrast, Officer Ryan has also been through challenging times and has been a witness to years of criminal activity. Rather than demonstrating any kind of remorse or compassion for innocent victims, he is extremely judgmental even before anyone has proven to commit illegal actions. Both Jean and Ryan share similar hypercritical attitudes towards anyone that they assume could be involved in crime.It is quite sad however, to observe Jean’s discriminatory behavior throughout the film. Particularly seeing as how she has a Mexican female housekeeper, she is still terribly biased and subjective towards others. The symbolism between Jeans relationship with her housekeeper and the way she treats others is prominent. Ironically towards the end of the film, Jean makes a strong statement pointed at her housekeeper that she in fact is her only friend, which promotes the idea that Jean could be making amends with her negative past behavior.In terms of gender dynamics, it is evident that the female characters are significantly more emotional than that of the males. Jean is tremendously expressive in her behaviour while the male roles hold more of their emotions on the inside. Social class as well as gender also has a significant effect on the way the characters display their feelings. Jean is from a far more sheltered world while Daniel has been exposed to a harsher reality. It is only natural that Ryan is confident when it comes to expecting the unexpected as that is his role in life.This is despite the fact that it was inexcusable for him to have carried an undesirable arrogance and a discriminatory attitude at every turn. Throughout â€Å"Crash† the connection between the characters is much more than circumstantial. It is in fact human nature. The movie encourages the audience to realize that we are connected in a much larger context. This context is one that includes human qualities, experiences and emotions. We are all part of one world that has developed and made its own distinctions between itself. People separate themselves based on classifications such as social status, race, age and gender. This separation was depicted clearly in the movie and was shown to create a negative, discriminatory society. The irony of it all was that the characters made it a point to separate themselves from one another yet life brought them together through circumstances and although they may have thought they were vastly different from one another, their lives were in fact very similar.

Westjet Case Anaysis Essays

Westjet Case Anaysis Essays Westjet Case Anaysis Essay Westjet Case Anaysis Essay Jet Airlines is a Calgary-based discount airline founded in 1996. Starting with only three aircrafts in 1996, the company is now â€Å"Canada’s leading high-value low-fare airline. † The management of WestJet Airlines assumes that the success of the business is anchored in the culture of the corporation and the welcoming service provided to its customers. Beddoe, the president and the CEO of WestJet, is proud of the airlines performance and the customer service it offers. He believes that the corporate culture was the key to success and the company’s attainment. WestJet’s culture is very entertaining, hassle-free, unperturbed, and relaxed. The ratings of the customer satisfaction are higher than those of the other airlines. Top management trusts and values its employees. It is assumed that having content, cheerful personnel results in a first-rate customer service. WestJet is a company that is managed â€Å"from the bottom up. † As Beddoe states, â€Å"We set some standards and expectations, but don’t interfere in how our people do their jobs. Due to the fact that the employees and the management work as a crew, WestJet management saves money on hiring additional human resources. There is no need for supervisors because the employees supervise themselves and work together towards the organization’s goal. The corporation culture is what led WestJet to their â€Å"victory. † With the success, the company came to a decision about expanding its market. With the development strategy, the risk of the culture of the company being vanished draws closer. This is the foremost problem that WestJet might face. In view of the fact that culture is what made the company successful, with it being misplaced, it would be hard for WestJet to accomplish their purpose – customer satisfaction. The involvement culture of WestJet helped it in achieving high employee performance, increasing revenue, and escalating customer service satisfaction. WestJet’s culture is based on trust and respect among all employees. Everyone is treated equally, without exceptions, regardless of the function they perform in the company. The work atmosphere is fun and enjoyable. The culture is the source of the management and the workers happiness, contentment, and what is most important the guests satisfaction. Nevertheless, what brought success to the company, may become a threat when it does not meet the employee needs. With a greater expansion, the management of WestJet would have to hire significantly more people in order to operate the company efficiently and effectively. Some people, like the example of Steve Smith, may be used to different managing style and might find it difficult or impossible to adapt to a new culture. Given that the culture is a main source of WestJet’s success, the weakening of the employees’ performance would benefit other airlines competing with WestJet. Fast expansion indicates less time for new workers to adjust to the corporation values and beliefs. This creates a problem. In order to improve the situation, WestJet would have to get to the bottom of it and implement a reasonable solution. Top management would have to decide whether it should expand the airline or not. One of the alternatives could be offering instruction and coaching the newly hired personnel. Beddoe asserts that their culture is new and hiring people who have no past experience with the airline industry is the preeminent option. While being unfamiliar with what to expect, it is easier for a prospective employee to adapt to the corporate culture and become an efficient member of the workforce. WestJet Airlines already provide coaching to their employees so they would become aware of the consequences of decisions they make. Furthermore, when precedents take place, supplementary training was supplied. Therefore, in order to sustain the corporate culture, while expand the industry, it is important that WestJet Airlines continues making additional training and coaching available to their newly hired staff members. A drawback of this alternative might be the waste of the organization’s time and money. The potential employees may seem to perfectly fit the culture of the company but then after being hired they might decide that this is not the kind of job they want to perform. This would be a sunk cost to WestJet. In addition to that, WestJet Airlines could implement a hiring process through which they could verify if a particular individual is well suited for a specific job. WestJet already endows with a special employment process using practical job previews, job simulations, and behavioral interviews for which the prospective employees cannot prepare due to the fact that such interviews test whether the person is presentable and what characteristics of his or her behavior would benefit and satisfy the needs of the company. While hiring more people needed for a fast growing industry, it is recommended that WestJet pays additional attention to the process of employing. Defining whether an individual is a perfect fit for the company determines the future success of the corporation. This option however has a drawback; during a job simulation people might act different than while performing their job due to additional stress and pressure that arises in demanding situations that come with performing specific job duties. Another alternative would be stopping or slowing the expansion down. Keeping the same size of the company would prevent the culture from being petered out. Nonetheless, different problems might arise, such as higher competition. Other airlines that base their success on various aspects other than culture grow constantly gaining a higher market share. Expansion would bring them higher profits that would allow the airlines offer their customers unbeatable ticket prices, loyalty programs, and other numerous deals. Moreover, without implementing the expansion plan, WestJet would not be able to gain higher revenues. Therefore, the corporation would remain in the same position it is now while losing the market share. With time, the WestJet’s guests might switch to their competitors who would offer them better deals and wider travel destination selection. Taking into consideration the alternatives I proposed, the one that would benefit WestJet the most would be offering coaching and training to new employees. It is a great opportunity for both the company and the employees to have a â€Å"fresh start. † No previous experience, no particular habits and tendencies would make it possible for the new staff members to adjust to the corporate culture faster and easier. Obtaining the most qualified individuals with special mannerism and attributes that meet the required criteria for a position at WestJet should be an imperative part of the hiring process. Picking the right employees would guarantee the WestJet’s culture to continue. The employees and the top management would be happy and that would provide a superior communication process. Great communication process means no missed opportunities, faster and efficient issue solving procedure, and leading the company effectively towards its main goal – customer satisfaction. All things considered, WestJet is a very successful company that has a potential to keep growing yet bigger and enhancing its accomplishment. In order to reach to company’s objective, they need to sustain the most important factor leading to its success – happy employees and happy guests. This can only be achieved if the business protracts its corporate culture. With the purpose of doing so, it is recommended that WestJet implements the training and coaching strategy when hiring new staff members and makes sure that the individuals the hire fit the company’s beliefs and values. As soon as they reach that goal, the process of expansion should not have any effect on the success of the company.

28 delitos agravados y graves consecuencias migratorias

28 delitos agravados y graves consecuencias migratorias Los delitos agravados, conocidos en inglà ©s como aggravated felony, son una categorà ­a de acciones- algunos felonà ­as, otros no- con consecuencias migratorias gravà ­simas. Por eso es necesario que todos los extranjero en Estados Unidos, incluidos los residentes permanentes legales, los indocumentados y las personas con visas no inmigrante o situaciones particulares como asilados, sepan cules son estos delitos agravados y quà © sucede cuando una persona ha sido condenada por uno de ellos. En este artà ­culo puedes enterarte de quià ©n decide quà © son delitos agravados, quà © acciones son calificadas asà ­, quà © se debe hacer si te acusan de uno y cules son las consecuencias desde el punto de vista de inmigracià ³n.  ¿Quià ©n decide lo que es un delito agravado? El Congreso de los Estados Unidos es quien decide quà © accià ³n es un delito agravado. Al principio sà ³lo los delitos ms graves tenà ­an esta consideracià ³n, como por ejemplo el asesinato, el homicidio, el trfico ilà ­cito de armas o el trfico de drogas. Sin embargo, con el paso de los aà ±os se fueron incluyendo otros no tan graves, incluso acciones que en algunos estados ni siquiera son delitos (felonies) y son simplemente consideradas como faltas, que se conocen en inglà ©s como misdemeanors. Adems, hay que tener en cuenta que en el momento en el que el Congreso decide que una accià ³n es delito agravado, si la has cometido incluso antes de ese momento, te conviertes automticamente en deportable. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son  los casos en los que expresamente el Congreso dice que la inclusià ³n de una nueva accià ³n en la lista de delitos agravados sà ³lo se aplicar a los que se comentan a partir de ese momento. Pero hasta este momento esto nunca ha sucedido, sino todo lo contrario: cuando se incluye en la ley migratoria una nueva accià ³n con la calificacià ³n de delito agravado aplica con carcter retroactivo, es decir, para las condenas posteriores al cambio legal y tambià ©n incluso a las condenas anteriores. Listado de acciones calificadas como delitos agravados Por sus enormes consecuencias migratorias, es muy importante saber cules son los delitos agravados o aggravated felony. Entre otros, destacan los siguientes: Abuso sexual de menores- Aquà ­ hay que tener muy en consideracià ³n las leyes de cada estado. Por ejemplo, puede suceder que se considere abuso sexual una relacià ³n consentida entre una persona de 17 aà ±os y otra de 16. Hay que estar muy atentos a las edades de consentimiento.Pornografà ­a infantilViolacià ³n y asesinatoDelitos violentos con una pena superior al aà ±o de prisià ³n.Robo y allanamiento de morada con condenas superiores a un aà ±o.Evasià ³n fiscal por encima de los $200,000, lavado de dinero y trfico en documentos fraudulentos asà ­ como revelacià ³n de informacià ³n relacionada con la seguridad nacionalPerjurio y obstruccià ³n a la Justicia en los casos de condenas superiores a un aà ±o y alteracià ³n de las placas de autosDelitos de drogas por trfico o posesià ³n de drogas- Para ms informacià ³n sobre este asunto se puede consultar la INA,  la  ley que regula Inmigracià ³n y Naturalizacià ³n, ya que hay una excepcià ³n para una à ºnica pos esià ³n para consumo propio de marihuana cuando la cantidad sea inferior a 30 gramos Peticià ³n de rescates, sobornos o fraude cometido contra otra persona o el Gobierno por un monto superior a $10,000Reentrar en el paà ­s sin permiso despuà ©s de haber sido deportado. Adems, puede ser castigado hasta 2 aà ±os de crcel.Pertenencia a una mafiaFalsificacià ³n de dineroTrfico de armas o material explosivoTrfico ilegal de extranjerosNo comparecer en corte cuando se est juzgando un crimen por el que la sentencia puede ser superior a los dos aà ±osPosesià ³n de un arma sin licencia (hay una posible excepcià ³n para los residentes permanentes)Presentar una planilla de impuestos falsa (tax return)Asalto (battery)- En algunos estados es necesario un abuso fà ­sico grave o golpear duramente para cometer este delito. En otros estados, acciones que alguna gente cree que no son graves como jalar (halar, tirar) el cabello de otra persona es un delito de asalto.La violencia domà ©stica puede ser calificada de delito agravado o de inmoral. Es muy importante saber cà ³mo s e califica en un caso concreto porque las consecuencias pueden muy distintas Desde el punto de vista de inmigracià ³n, los delitos agravados tienen consecuencias negativas tanto si te condenan como autor o por haber conspirado para cometerlos, aunque no se llegaran a cometer y quedaran en grado de tentativa o de frustracià ³n. Quà © hacer ante una acusacià ³n de un delito o accià ³n que puede ser calificada como delito agravado Buscar un abogado criminalista que entienda las consecuencias migratorias. El objetivo prioritario es evitar una condena por una accià ³n que las leyes de Inmigracià ³n califican como delito agravado. Incluso pueden ser necesarios dos abogados, un especialista penal y otro migratorio. La lucha importante es evitar ser condenado por un delito que las leyes migratorias consideran como agravado. Quà © va a pasar inmediatamente despuà ©s de cumplir la sentencia por un delito agravado Una vez que se cumple la sentencia por el delito agravado comienza el problema con Inmigracià ³n. Pasas a estar en custodia migratoria, esto es, detenido. Y aquà ­ se van a dar dos posibilidades, dependiendo de tu situacià ³n migratoria, es decir, si eres un residente permanente legal o si no lo eres. Personas que no son residentes permanentes legales: pueden ser deportadas muy rpidamente, sin tener la opcià ³n de presentar su caso ante un juez de inmigracià ³n. En este caso, no pueden pedir asilo, ni tampoco una cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n (cancellation of removal, en inglà ©s). Salvo casos muy excepcionales tampoco puede pedir que se paralice momentneamente la deportacià ³n mediante lo que se conoce en inglà ©s como withholding of removal.Personas que son residentes permanentes legales: un juez de inmigracià ³n decidir si mientras se resuelve su caso tienen que permanecer detenidas o si se les fija una fianza o si pueden quedar libres dando su palabra de que se presentarn a Corte cuando se les cite. Si en el desarrollo del caso se decide que va a ser deportado casi no tiene opciones para luchar. Ningà ºn extranjero, ni residente permanente ni titular de una visa ni indocumentado que ha sido condenado por un delito agravado puede beneficiarse de una salida voluntaria. Una vez que se ha sido deportado por un delito agravado,  ¿cules son las consecuencias? El castigo es una prohibicià ³n para regresar a Estados Unidos de por vida. Es decir, nunca te van a dar ni una visa no inmigrante ni una visa de inmigrante (tarjeta de residencia) para regresar. La à ºnica excepcià ³n son los casos rarà ­simos en los que cumpliendo con muchos requisitos y despuà ©s de haber pasado diez aà ±os seguidos fuera de Estados Unidos se pide un perdà ³n especial directamente al Departamento de Seguridad Interna (Homeland Security Department). Tambià ©n se conoce como waiver o, en algunos paà ­ses, como permiso. La verdad es que es rarà ­simo que se apruebe esta clase de perdà ³n especial, se necesita tener un buen caso, ameritar el perdà ³n y contar con un abogado especialista con experiencia exitosa en este tipo de casos. Quà © ms hay que saber sobre la deportacià ³n Una condena por un delito agravado no es la à ºnica razà ³n por la que se puede deportar a un extranjero. Tambià ©n por otros delitos aunque no tengan ese calificativo y tambià ©n por los considerados  inmorales. Aunque en estos casos puede haber ms opciones para luchar, dependiendo del caso y las circunstancias de cada migrante. Tambià ©n es posible la deportacià ³n por faltas (misdemeanor) e incluso tambià ©n por violaciones migratorias. Si bien lo que causa peores consecuencias son los delitos agravados. Finalmente, para evitar problemas gravà ­simos, alà ©jate de las peleas y situaciones conflictivas y contrata a un abogado si te acusan de algo grave. Adems, conoce cules son las opciones para luchar contra una deportacià ³n en los casos en los que el problema NO es un delito agravado y cules son las prioridades de las autoridades para deportar a migrantes. Un castigo a los deportados por delito agravado a tener muy en cuenta Las personas que han sido deportadas por un delito agravado y regresan ilegalmente a los Estados Unidos pueden ser condenadas hasta 20 aà ±os de prisià ³n. Una vez que cumplen la condena sern de nuevo deportados. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. no es asesorà ­a legal.

Labor Relation Law and The Railway Labor Act Essay

Labor Relation Law and The Railway Labor Act - Essay Example As the report declares The guiding purpose of the Labor relations Law was to protect the worker by providing a workable vehicle by which the unionization process would be facilitated, thereby enabling collective bargaining. It (was) a reality that basic labor law did not favor labor or unions. The NLRA was ostensibly structured to provide a more equitable approach to dispute resolution. According to the paper findings The National Labor Relations Board is a five person appointed federal agency charged with conducting elections for labor union representation and with investigating and remedying unfair labor practices. The NLRB was established in 1935 through passage of the National Labor Relations Act, better known as the Wagner Act, and amended by the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947. The Board’s jurisdiction is limited to private sector employees; it has no authority over labor relations disputes involving government employees, or railroad and airline employees covered by the Railway Labor Act or agriculture employees. In those parts of the private sector it does cover, on the other hand, its jurisdiction standards are low enough to reach almost all employees whose business has any appreciable impact on interstate commerce. The Taft-Hartley Act also created a formal administrative distinction between the Board and the General Counsel of The NLRB. In broad terms, the General Counsel is responsible for investigating and prosecuting unfair labor practice claims, the Board on the other hand, is the adjudicative body that decides the unfair labor practice cases brought to it. ... and remedying unfair labor practices. The NLRB was established in 1935 through passage of the National Labor Relations Act, better known as the Wagner Act, and amended by the Taft-Hartley Act in 1947. The Board's jurisdiction is limited to private sector employees; it has no authority over labor relations disputes involving government employees, or railroad and airline employees covered by the Railway Labor Act or agriculture employees. In those parts of the private sector it does cover, on the other hand, its jurisdiction standards are low enough to reach almost all employees whose business has any appreciable impact on interstate commerce. The Taft-Hartley Act also created a formal administrative distinction between the Board and the General Counsel of The NLRB. In broad terms, the General Counsel is responsible for investigating and prosecuting unfair labor practice claims, the Board on the other hand, is the adjudicative body that decides the unfair labor practice cases brought to it. While the general Counsel has limited independence to argue for a change in the law in presenting cases to the Board, once the Board has decided the issue it is the General Counsels responsibility to 3 defend the Board's decision, even if it is contrary to the position he argued when initially presenting the case to the board. The Board is also responsible for the administration of the Acts provision governing the holding of elections and resolution of jurisdictional disputes. The Board has

Change Management of the Company Engaged in a Merger Term Paper

Change Management of the Company Engaged in a Merger - Term Paper Example Effective management of change process in an organization is vital as this determines and contributes to a successful implementation of the changes. Change implementation in an organization is a process which if well managed it can lead to a decrease in change resistance and higher productivity, competitiveness, and profitability of an organization. The management should come up with strategies to ensure that the change management process is successful. For effective change management to take place, the human resource must be highly involved it is the gear towards attaining a change in an organization. Change is naturally detested especially because of the uncertainty it leads to and as such, cases of resistance must occur. Effective management of resistance is vital in ensuring that the changing process runs smoothly and quickly. As mentioned, the management must ensure that the changes which are about to be implemented in an organization are highly appreciated by the workers. Manag ement should engage in dialogue with the workers so as to ensure changes are implemented. Training and counseling are also vital in enhancing change management in an organization (Johnson, 1992). ABC Company a high-tech company, being faced with hyper-competition decided to engage in a merger with two of its competitors. The merger required a major changing process, especially because the other two competitors were employing completely different management and production styles. This required implementation of a change management process which is explained below. Competition has been on the rise which is caused by globalization, dynamism in the technological environment and emergence of competitive companies in the market. This has necessitated constant changes in most organizations which are aimed at taking advantage of opportunities posed by the environment while at the same time minimizing costs and threats which the environment poses.

Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being Essay Example for Free

Milan Kundera’s The Unbearable Lightness of Being Essay In Milan Kundera’s novel, The Unbearable Lightness of Being, the author uses plenty of literary elements to tie together his points in an effort to help readers understand the basic premise behind the work. Though there are plenty of literary themes that can be found throughout the work, the most important ones are the themes that Kundera uses, as well as the characters in the novel. By creatively using these things in his work, Kundera helps explain what might have otherwise been a fairly complex ideal. In addition, the author is able to tie these things together to create a measure of clarity for readers as they progress through the work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Theme is used in the novel to get across the basic ideas that the author is set on impressing into the reader. Since the novel relies mostly on ambiguous ideas to get across hard to find points, the utilization of different themes are critically important to the development of the story. As one might expect from the title of the work, Kundera uses lightness and the idea of weight as one of the primary themes throughout the book. Even in the title, one can see the dichotomy that exists. Lightness in itself is not something that should be too heavy to bear. Yet, the author is able to masterfully intertwine these two ideas to convey the point of his story. Through the entire work, the characters of the book are searching hard within themselves to find a solution to the primary question presented in the title. Their search for the important things in life is done in order to both find meaning and relieve themselves of some of the heaviness that their being light creates.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another important theme that the author uses is politics. Though the characters carry on with their lives throughout the work, they are constantly linked to both each other and to their collective pasts by their underlying political beliefs. A good example of this can be found on page 123 of the novel, when Sabina receives word that the political situation in Prague has cost Tomas and Tereza their lives. The book reads, â€Å"She could not get over the news. The link to her past had been broken† (123). English expert Jay Braiman describes a literary theme as, â€Å"The main idea or message conveyed by the piece† (Braiman). It is clear in the story that the author uses both politics and the idea of weight as the main idea in the work. The desire to escape from the weight of life was something that drove each of the characters, while politics served as a main idea in trying all of the characters together.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Characters were the second literary element used by the author to create the work. Not only do the characters power the action, but they shed a little bit of light into the what the other characters were thinking. Simply having characters is not enough to establish something as an important literary element. As the author clearly understood, the characters must be used in the most efficient, useless way possible in order to help push the idea of the story forward. The characters in this novel are not just there for an arbitrary reason. Instead, they play an active role in the story in establishing the primary aspects of plot development. A Eugene Knight book review of the work talks to the importance of the characters by saying, â€Å"The very fact that they stay together and seem to find some degree of happiness illustrates that an acceptance of a relationship that falls well short of satisfying and fulfilling hopes, is possible† (Knight). One can easily see that the author used the literary element of characters to tie in the many themes that he utilized and help the reader understand the underlying conflict in Czechoslovakia at the time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, the book is a commentary on the reasons why people need people so much. This is a complex idea to establish, especially when one considers the fact that it is set against such a tough background. Kundera established his excellent work on the basis that his characters would do the talking for him. Instead of having to explain things to readers to get them to buy in to the main point of the book, he had characters live out their real life experiences to get across the points. Even more importantly than that, he was able to bring the characters closer to the themes that were so important to the author in this book. No one literary theme overtook the book or overpowered it. They all worked together in a sanctimonious harmony that not only told a story, but helped the reader interpret the story. The idea that a person who is too light could not bear that weight is a ridiculous one at first, but as the reader further understands the things that the characters are going through, they can begin to see how such a dichotomy can become quite a conundrum. Works Cited Braiman, Jay. Literary Devices. 2007. http://mrbraiman.home.att.net/lit.htm Knight, Eugene. The Unbearable Lightness of Being, Review. http://bookreviews.nabou.com/reviews/unbearable_lightness_kundera.html Kundera, Milan. The Unbearable Lightness of Being. 4 May 2004. HarperCollins Publishing. Raudino, Guiseppe. Socialism and Arts. August 2007. http://www.arttimesjournal.com/art/Art%20Essays/Ju.Aug%20%2707%20Milan%20Kundera/j.a%2707MilanKundera.htm

Deviant Behavior Essay -- Psychology, Social Psychology

Deviance is described as being behaviour that is not part of the norms in your particular society. This can be different throughout the world because some cultures have very different norms (Stephens and Leach, 1998:17). Most deviant behaviour will attract disapproval from others in the society or punishment from authorities. There are many different types of deviance such as addiction, mental illness, alcoholism, criminality and homosexuality. Throughout this essay six types of theories will be discussed about how and why people are deviant. Four of these theories support the idea of deviance being biological and three support the idea of it being caused by your social construction. Also the essay will talk about the differences between the theories and a similarity amongst them as they don’t often agree. There are two main views that people see as to how a person becomes deviant; biologically or from a person’s social construction. The biological explanation of deviance is that it is part of who you are when you are born. Whether you are born into a long line of alcoholics or your mother has a mental illness, it is coming from your genes. There are many theories that support the biological explanation of deviance that will be explained in this essay. Some seem very unlikely and don’t have a lot of evidence but there are a lot of theorists that support this idea. The social constructionist explanation is that you become deviant from the way that you are brought up. It is believed that certain parts of your childhood can cause a person to become deviant. This could be that your parents or caregivers brought you up to be a deviant person because they were deviant themselves. It could also be that you were neglected as a child an... ...l determinants. Rod Lea does admit that deviance is not only caused by the â€Å"warrior gene†, that non-genetic issues would be involved as well (Dykes 2006). A similarity amongst the XYY theory and the â€Å"warrior gene† theory is that it has to do with your genes so this would have to do with your parents and the generations before you. Physical appearance is also passed down through generations so these two could also have got their ideas from Lombroso’s theory. Another similarity amongst the biological theories is that it is often pointing towards males. The â€Å"warrior gene† is over-represented in Maori men and the XYY chromosome represents hyper masculinity (Gillham 2011:135). Also in Lombroso’s theory he describes the appearances as large jaws and cheekbones and a general hairiness of the body which is normally associated with males (Burfeind and Bartusch 2011:119).

Core Competencies Essay

A business or product which generates a sturdy, dependable flow of cash. Dog- a product with low market share in a slow growing market and thus neither generates more consumes large amounts of cash. Star- products that are in high growth markets with a relatively high share of that market. They tend to generate high amounts of income. Question Mark- growing rapidly and thus consumes large amounts of cash but because they have low markets shares they do not generate much cash 2. What are core competences? Core competences are critical capabilities to a business achieving competitive advantage. The starting point for analysing core competences is recognising that competition between businesses is as much a race for competence mastery as it is for market position and market power. Senior management cannot focus on all activities of a business and the competencies required to undertake them. So the goal is for management to focus attention on competencies that really affect competitive advantage. 4 Potential sources of core competences * Distribution * Marketing * Management * Manufacturing 4 criteria used to evaluate core competences * Valuable * Rare * Costly to imitate * Non substitutable 3. What should an audit of resources include? The resources available to a business whether it be owned or obtained through partnerships, joint ventures or simply suppliers arrangement with other businesses. The assessment of the strength and weakness of an organisation in conjunction with an assessment of opportunities and threats. It should have the key success factors for the markets and industries in question and the comparable strengths and weaknesses of competitors for the same customers. 4. What are the strategic options for competing in a Mature Industry? Prune marginal products and models * Emphasize innovation in the value chain Strong focus on cost reduction * Increase sales to present customers * Purchase rivals at bargain prices * Expand internationally * Build new, more flexible competitive capabilities 5. Define the Value System The Value System is the set of interdependent situations within a business which both directly or indirectly adds value to the customer and ultimately generates a net cash inflow. This also provides a key link between competitive strategy and shareholder value. Even though the value system bears some resemblance to Porter’s value chain, the latter is perhaps less flexible and less easily tailored to the variety of the modern business.

Scanning the Business Environment

The ability to think and plan for the future in a manner that is strategically advantageous for the firm requires many creative techniques. Even though some of these techniques may prove to have better and more obvious advantages, many strategists prefer to use all of them to gain different insights into the data presented to them. The variety of perspectives that these different techniques provide enables strategists to develop strategies that encompass a variety of problems and opportunities. They can then foresee many contingencies or issues and make plans to take account of them in their plans for the future of the company. Some of the techniques used include extrapolation, brainstorming, Delphi Technique and scenario building. Brainstorming is the most widely used extrapolation technique due to its incredible array of advantages. Some it being that it enables constructive criticism on the spot for all ideas and those ideas that cannot ‘stand the heat’ buck out. It enables many heads to come and focus on one core issue and bring in their various expertises onto the table. Linneman & Klein, December 1983). Delphi method is a different type of brainstorming where in different experts are presented with the same problem and asked to present their opinions, assumptions and solution based on their understanding of the problem at hand. Delphi Method is peculiar in the sense that the individuals do not meet face to face unlike in brainstorming sessions where in all members constructively criticize each problem and propose a final outcome via consensus. Morgan, Hunt, 2002) In Delphi method there is no face to face interaction at all and individuals are asked to report their findings to a coordinator who then compiles and resends the findings to the individual members who then submit recommendations till a final consensus is achieved. This method takes much more time to reach a consensus due to the fact that there is no face to face interaction and a coordinator has to be present to compile data. Its advantage on the other hand is that individuals are allowed to present their completely developed ideas without being interrupted and criticized (Linneman, Klein, December 1983). Prediction via extrapolation techniques involves having a set of variables, independent and dependent and then using them to logically calculate the unknown independent variable. Mathematical calculations can be easily used to solve typical ratio or linear problems but since all relationships are not linear or so easily defined it comes down to the interpreter’s capabilities to understand and rationalize a problem. One can either use mathematical representation to solve such problems or they can also be solved graphically which is why their solution and interpretation are very easy to get compared to other predictive techniques. Scenario building as a predictive technique also has its own advantages whereby individuals run marketing analyses of environmental contexts and this analysis leads to the determining of various marketing strategies for response, action or selection. The chosen strategies need to fit or be adaptive of the changing environments (Morgan, Hunt, 2002). References: Morgan, Hunt, Robert E, Shelby D. (2002). Determining marketing strategy: A cybernetic systems approach to scenario planning. Emerald, 36, Retrieved June, 23, 2009, from http://www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03090560210417264 Linneman, Klein, Robert E., Harold E. (December, 1983). Long Range Planning: The use of multiple scenarios by U.S. industrial companies. Science Direct, 16, Retrieved June, 23, 2009, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V6K-45K4MP1X8&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=937302876&_rerunOrigin=google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=f65f1a945e8f0c0751487b5d823e974e

Social Formations Essay Sample

Social Formations Essay Sample Social Formations Essay Sample Social Formations Essay Sample According to Livingstone, publics and audiences should be regarded in opposition to let one observe their significance and distinctiveness. Although the main remarkable feature of publics in contrast to audiences is their orientation on something shared and collective, the scholars and particularly Livingstone define at least seven more binary differences. This paper will focus on three, including public versus private, visible versus hidden, rational versus emotional in order to follow the abilities of the civic culture to break these binary. To begin with, it is important to emphasize that regardless all the differences and oppositions between publics and audiences, they still belong to the same reality and intertwine from time to time. As a result, a modern society observes more examples of how such binaries are broken. In order to explain the collapse of the publics into audiences and visa versa, Livingstone offers the concept of â€Å"civic culture† as something generally referred to as a non-political, but is becoming actualized when particular political issues occur (32). It is based on the democratic views, and relates a wider public and audiences through more rational public views. It also deprives the possible problems of being regarded on a global level linking them to the local territories and making more personal. Moreover, it can relate formal theoretical issues to cultural experiences adding the biased and emotional attitudes instead of the disinterested and rational ones. Consequently, civic culture becomes a mediator between the two spheres that become urgent when the matters that are of public concern are discussed. With regard to the media actions, one can agree that it can sometimes support the public rules and understanding, but also often undermines it. In the book On the Relation between Audiences and Publics, Livingstone pointed out how media could remodel the thoughtful and influential public into the crowd or mass consumers (18). Among the examples are politics that are transformed into political marketing, the news into talk shows or journalism into personal opinions with blogs. All these transformations are predetermined by the civic culture. In order to follow how private becomes public, visible becomes hidden, rational becomes emotional under such impacts, one should pay attention to the following examples. If to pay attention to the modern teenagers, social interaction has become crucial for their behavior on the individual and general level (Boyd). The distribution of information online, the confidentiality settings and possibilities of its violation have broken the notions of private and public considerably. The same changes have also blurred the other lines that made the older generation get confused and not always be able to transit smoothly to the new norms dictated by the global technological development (Boyd). In such a way, while the rational view emphasized the necessity of the technological improvements, the majority of the older population tried to avoid new devices due to the emotional inability to accept serious changes. The emotional rationalization characterizes such case and leads to the idea that the mediators are necessary in order to educate older generations and let people fight their anxiety, get integrated with new global norms and stick to the shared demands instead of the individual fears. For example, governments’ concealment of some facts that should be widely visible demonstrates the break of the hidden-visible binary. Moreover, the Internet spread and social networks have become a good way to keep secretly the information about the population. Additionally, the electronic data recording has become a good way to search the information that should have been hidden or private, but can easily be hacked. Hence, secret disclosure of the data as well as secret work of the FBI is a good evidence of how the binary is broken due to the civic culture influence. Primarily, the preceding behaviors of the wider public common interests have a crucial impact on publics’ and audiences’ characteristics interconnection. In such a way, media and its development by means of the informational technologies ruins the binaries that shall exist between publics and audiences. Primarily, the change of forms of communications becomes the means that predetermines the shift of private and shared. Additionally, fears and changes can control publics to accept emotional instead of rational. Finally, the policies of the government and work of such services as FBI can make the hidden and the visible become mixed. All of the examples emphasize the great role of the civic culture in such transitions. Copyright is the expression of the uniqueness and creativity. Music is and has always been a cultural creation. However, the laws on intellectual property and particularly music appeared to be quite blurred and based not solely on the uniqueness of themes, styles or lyrics, but also on the color of the author’s skin. This essay focuses on the example of â€Å"Mixtape. Inc† and will analyze the creative value and infinite number of possibilities that make the creations completely different from one another. The notion of copyright is quite complicated due to the existence of the ideas, their derivatives, improvements or repetitions. Moreover, it cannot actually deal with someone’s ideas, but can only let one judge upon the expression. Referring to the same culture, one can definitely follow that the musical styles of the generations can change, but they often borrow some techniques from the previous ones. As a result, sometimes the entire musical heritage of the nation can be defined as the â€Å"traditional collective creative work† (Boyle 129). However, such unification of the musical tradition is not corresponding to the copyright law that rejects common usage of the same motives or ideas. Even though inspiration can be tightly interconnected with the creation of someone else, it is illegal to use a sufficient or considerable part of the similar motives or words in a new work. Ultimately, the freedom of artists is considerably restricted and very likely suppresses a gre at number of the new musical creations that can become hits. The copyright law actually protects intellectual property. However, it has a number of drawbacks. As for African American musicians, the laws restricting such borrowing of the ideas throughout generations will completely ruin the traditional views on musical performances that have never been associated with individuals as separated creative works. Boyle pointed out that the imitations that exist nowadays would hardly let such genres of the African American music as jazz, RB, blues, gospels or other exist (130). Subsequently, the deep and strong connection between the musical styles throughout centuries could have become a real problem for the African American music. Boyle represented a number of examples to see the close interconnection between the works of different musicians. Mainly, the example of Nat King Cole influence on Ray Charles, soul music and blues have become crucial evidence of the musical generations’ interconnection. Ray Charles also may have taken the motives from Will Thompson or Clara Ward. At the same time, the repeating ideas and expressions were found in Kanye West’s â€Å"Gold Diggers† and Charles’ â€Å"I Got a Woman† and Jamie Fox’s chorus. Similarly, Legendary K. O. represented the borrowings from Kanye West (Boyle 153). In such a way, one can even follow some specific creative chain passing the ideas and their expressions from one song to another. An interesting example of how the intellectual property issues have become disputable in the modern world can be found in the documentary â€Å"Mixtape, Inc.† This example can be even considered as the continuation of the long above-mentioned chain of the African American historical musical interconnections. Some people state the â€Å"Mixtape, Inc.† offers illegal music to people. The underlying reason for that is that the documentary shows the mixture of rap and hip-hop music that have come out. However, the usage of the musical compositions created by Xzibit, G-Unit, Kanye West, Walter Bell was illegal and of considerable sizes. At the same time, some other artists, including movie creators, state that people have a full right to use and refer to the music of their idols. Moreover, the music of the above-mentioned artists has already become a national heritage. Furthermore, the overall context in which this music is placed can be defined as a completely new creation incorporating only some elements from other authors. Finally, the names of the artists were clearly stated, thus, no attempts to steal or arrogate someone else’s ideas were made, and to prove that musical ideas as well as genres originated from one another. According to Boyle’s reflections, the problems of the copyright rules mostly lay in the aggressiveness of the copyright holders and ambiguous definition of what exactly is a considerable part of someone’s oeuvre to borrow. At the same time, he proves that intergenerational connection between cultural achievements exists and it cannot exclude the musical achievements as well as the cultural ones. Music genres develop out of other genres, therefore, copyright law demands needs improvements that will be aware that creation is nothing else than re-creation and imitation (Boyle 156). Consequently, with the existing technologies, the main solution is to make those, who use the music of others to gain profit and those, who borrow it for personal usage, be able to use it for free. In general, such decision is likely to be the most justified. To sum it up, the creative value of the oeuvres is a disputable issue as it is almost impossible to prove that the same ideas can never repeat. The chain offered by Boyle is a great example of how the genres are interrelated and originate from one another. Mainly such samples prove the inappropriateness of the copyright law that obviously demands revision. Andrew Ross pointed out different approaches to activism and emphasized their importance for both labor and consumer groups. Primarily, based on the anti-consumer and anti-sweatshop movements, the author emphasizes on the abuse of laborers and advocacies of rights. This analysis is quite effective to show the failures of the 21st century’s society and its system. With regard to anti-consumer and anti-sweatshop movements, it is necessary to pay attention to the moral and ethical aspects that cause the dissatisfaction of the masses and further growth of the opposition against the rules of the social system. This paper aims to analyze how the differences between two movements predetermine their unconscious cooperation that left a deep imprint on the public consciousness. The priorities of anti-consumer activists were set up against the consumer society due to a number of reasons. Among such, the representatives of the movements supported the ideas that ethics and morality are essential, but represent the society as dysfunctional. The statistics show that on the global level, the amount of goods consumed is too high and continues to grow. However, the activists proved that not solely the material reward should matter in this world. As the anti-sweatshop movements are focused on the demonstration of the suppliers’ working conditions, one can conclude that the system of their work let them search deeper for the causes of injustice instead of looking on the surface. Such approach should be the first lesson for the anti-consumer movement leaders and for all citizens. The second one is the courage to rise against the most powerful corporations with no doubts prove that the standards do not differ with the power growth (Ross 110). Instead, authority and power provides higher level of responsibility, not permissiveness. Moreover, the anti-sweatshop movements provide the key lessons regarding global organization under the presence of insurmountable obstacles. The choice of the key locations has a stronger influence on the employers. The idea of the fair labor for everyone was a basis for the sweatshop movement. In 1990s, the anti-sweetshop movements were focused on the opposition to the world brands’ policies (Ross 109). â€Å"Looking behind the label† became not only the tactic of the anti-sweatshop activists, but one of the norms that was accepted by societies (Ross 109). In Teamsters, Turtles and Tainted Toys, Ross (111) defined the goal of this campaign to lay the groundwork for the further global sweatshop eradication. Therefore, the level of the planned actions was considerable and not limited solely by the ideas to implement changes on the local level. While the movements obviously have some features that unify them, one should consider a useful lesson provided by the anti-consumer movement. Its idea, which is applicable in all spheres, is the key importance of the common sense and proportion in everything. Moreover, the anti-consumer movements also supported the anti-sweatshop. According t o their views, the problems of high consumption levels and long working hours are closely interconnected and mutually exclusive. The documentary â€Å"No Logo, Brands, Globalization, Resistance† can prove the appropriateness of the above-mentioned aspects and define main common backgrounds for the movements. The fast world globalization makes economies interdependent and demands governments and business leaders to pay particular attention to the possible negative results not only for the native country, but also for all other that are concerned. The environmental, cultural and political issues often go beyond the boundaries of some definite group and reflect on the living conditions of the entire world. The corporate globalization is the notion used to support this idea. In â€Å"No Logos†, the idea of the search from the underlying key reasons is also revealed as the journalist searches for the growing profits of the great corporations looking behind the labels on the life and working conditions in the developing countries. The same idea is supported in the documentary â€Å"Stop the TPP and C orporate Globalization†. However, this documentary is focused primarily on NAFTA to emphasize one of the sources of the world globalization. Concentrating mainly on the negative consequences of the issue, the speakers pointed out the human rights’ violations and public debates’ necessity. At the same time, it proves that the anti-globalization movements are still common and widely spread due to the imperfections of the system. As a conclusion, one can see how the anti-sweatshop and anti-consumer movements have attracted people’s attention to the urgent problem of globalization and responsibility it carries. The imperfect consumer social system became the basic reason of the activists’ dissatisfaction and made the labor movements cooperate unconsciously and have a number of encountering points.

7 Formatting Errors That Make Your Book Look Unprofessional

7 Formatting Errors That Make Your Book Look Unprofessional More and more writers are taking advantage of the new tools of publishing to create and publish their own books. This has led to an explosion of creativity, as writers are able to move their own books to market without the long delays and uncertainty of trying to get a traditional publisher to offer a contract. Of course, there are also lots of authors who publish some of their books with traditional publishers, but still want to issue backlist, experimental, or non-commercial books themselves. This is all good news for authors. But one of the consequences of authors becoming do-it-yourself publishers has been the proliferation of books that dont look quite right. Although our books may be self-published, we sure dont want them to look sub-par, do we? For many years Ive helped authors get their books produced so they can compete with the books coming from traditional publishers. And while many authors hire professional book designers to create their books for them, this isnt practical or desirable from some people. Some of the errors I see when reviewing self-published books are very easy to correct, if you only know how. So to help out, Ive compiled here a list of the most common book formatting errors. If youre doing your own formatting, make sure you pin this article up near your workstation. Youll be needing it. 7 Formatting Errors to Avoid 1.  Putting page numbers on blank pages. Blank pages have no text or images on them, and that means they should be truly blank. If you think about it, having a page number on a blank page really doesnt make sense, since theres nothing for the page number to refer to. 2.  Using running heads on chapter opening pages or blank pages. This is probably the most common formatting mistake of all, and I see it often in books from do-it-yourselfers. Just like page numbers, running heads (the type at the top of a page that shows the book title, author name, or chapter title) have no place on a blank page, just leave them off so the pages are truly blank. 3.  Using rag-right typesetting. Sometimes authors think they can make their pages look better 4.  Double spacing between sentences. Many of us learned to type quite a while ago, and many typing instructors told us to hit the space bar twice after a period. This is perfectly fine for business reports or memos, but it has no place in a book and can potentially cause problems when your book is typeset. So only one space between sentences. 5.  Using both indented AND block style spaces between paragraphs. Since weve started reading so much on web pages, weve grown accustomed to the block style of paragraph formatting. This is when paragraphs are separated 6.  Putting the odd numbered pages on the left. When you open a book, it just makes sense that the first page is page number 1, and that has to be a right-hand page. This rule is absolute, and you should never, ever number your pages with even numbers on right-hand pages. 7.  Making super small margins to save pages. Lots of authors who use print on demand services like CreateSpace know that they will be charged based on how many pages are in their book. But thats no reason to shortchange your readers Paying attention to these details of book formatting will help ensure that your books look and work the way they are supposed to. Your readers will thank you for that, and its your readers you should keep in mind throughout the publishing process. Another way to solve a lot of these formatting problems while also getting a well-designed, industry-standard book is to use one of our book templates. They will save you an amazing amount of time and frustration, while making sure your book looks the way it should. You can find out more and see the available designs at: BookDesignTemplates.com.

Impacts of Spread of Communication in Science and Technology Essay

Impacts of Spread of Communication in Science and Technology - Essay Example There is no other area where advances in communication have had significant changes like in the area of development and use of new science and technology. Impacts of spread of communication technology on science and technology First and foremost communication has been advanced by the use of internet in the 21st century and has significantly increased the amount of information that has been transferred and exchanged throughout the world. Thus the first impact which touches on science and technology greatly is increase on the volume of information being exchanged globally. The internet communication today plays an interactive role which is by far the most important impact. This is particularly in the field of science considering that production of scientific knowledge is basically a social process which involves sharing information, information collaboration and the mobilization of outputs. The old hierarchy which was based essentially on email made it possible for an instant collabora tion and creation of a group. This removed some of the barriers towards cooperation that had existed before and also brought some limitations to science and technology (Hattie, 2009, pp.132-134). ... The birth of science 2.0 through collaboration by scientist and the mass dispersal of scientific information gathering, the wisdom of the crowds have enabled a large pool of people to examine the same problem. This process has the ability of diminishing the distinction existing between informal and formal processes of creating knowledge. Communication is a critical factor that has a great impact on future development and the use of science and technology. The change in the face of global communication, in broad terms has affected science and technology in various ways. Enhanced research on science and technology Traditional forms of scientific communication emphasized production of knowledge by individuals with feedback from colleagues only and then subsequent knowledge exchange. This in simpler terms means interaction was limited to certain stages of the research project or was temporarily limited to proximate researchers. The output from the diversified knowledge is thus improved. More technological and scientific inventions and innovations are realised as a result of diversified knowledge. Researchers in the modern world of advanced communication are able to exchange knowledge and information outside the circles of colleagues. This has in effect enabled the researchers to gather a variety of information and leading to diversified knowledge. This has generally improved the outcomes in the various fields in science and technology. Revolutionizing of peer –peer and peer- lay information exchange The advance made in modern communication is changing the peer-peer and peer-lay exchange of information. It was a physical adventure to root out scientific information Some 20 years ago. One would have to cycle through libraries, chase up references